During phase II, sustainable positive effects remained in R1, but granule characteristics deteriorated in R2. The abundance of functional genera Thauera, Nitrosomonas and Candidatus_Nitrotoga, contributed to the rapid recovery and helped maintain the structure and activity of AGS. The predictive functional profiling of bacterial communities also demonstrated sustainably higher activities of metabolism, growth and signal sensing under exogenous AHLs regulation at an appropriate content.Scientists around the world have long been searching for effective strategies to reduce the bioavailability of metals in contaminated soils. In case of metal-spiked soils, some studies have proposed gypsum as a soil amendment to alleviate metal phytotoxicity. However, for real field-collected soils, evidence on the efficacy of gypsum as a metal phytotoxicity amendment is limited. Therefore, the present study was designed to examine the effect of gypsum on plant growth in soils polluted by a copper smelter. We grew perennial ryegrass on untreated and gypsum-treated soils (at a dose of 3% by weight) under laboratory conditions. We found that gypsum had no effect on alleviating metal phytotoxicity in our soils. We also demonstrated - for the first time - that gypsum increased the concentrations of soluble metals in the soil, enhancing metal uptake by plants. The calcium ions from gypsum displace metals in the soil exchangeable complex; however, the metals do not get immobilized in soils because gypsum is a neutral salt. While our results contrast with the Terrestrial Biotic Ligand Model, that Model has never been tested on real industrially polluted soils but only on metal-spiked soils. Our main conclusion is that gypsum is ineffective in alleviating metal phytotoxicity in real industrially polluted soils and, moreover, its use is inappropriate as a soil remediation method, because it increases the environmental hazard rather than reducing it. Our study is the very first attempt to recognize that gypsum is a hazardous material when used to ameliorate soils polluted by metals.The overall status of MSW management in Africa is evaluated systematically, in sight of life cycle indicators such as MSW generation daily per capita, collection and treatment methods. The relations of life cycle indictors with driving factors, including economic level, geographical location, urbanization and solid waste legislation process, are discussed. The results present that the major indicators had obvious regional differences, which can divide Africa into three levels North Africa and South Africa &gt; West Africa and Central Africa &gt; East Africa. Besides, the disposal methods in North Africa, South Africa and West Africa have evolved from simple open dumping to sanitary landfill, composting and recycle treatment, while opening dumping is still rampant in East Africa. With a combination tool of Principal Component Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression, it was identified that economic growth, urbanization and geographical location are the most critical factors influencing the unbalanced statue of MSW management in Africa. By cluster analysis, unbalance status of MSW management in African countries can be integrated into three grades of MSW management level good, fair and poor.Poultry litter (PL) is a heterogeneous mixture that contains bedding materials, antibiotics, dead skin, feed scraps, water, feathers and the resulting microbiota from poultry production cycle. Although its treatment does not receive attention, it is an important organic resource generated in the north-east region of Santa Fe Province since animal primary production is one of the main economic activities there and in the whole country. The objective of this work was to analyse the economic and energy aspects and the environmental impact of two scenarios corresponding to treat two different mixtures of organic wastes Eucalyptus sp. sawdust (ES), rice hulls (RH) and PL. PL was considered in two different volume proportions 1RH3 PL for scenario 1 and 0.5RH1 ES2 PL for scenario 2. The two-stage combined system of composting + vermicomposting was applied to both scenarios and compared; on one hand, the current regulated practice for waste final deposition (landfill) and on the other hand, a base line scenario, whicuring unsustainable techniques as sanitary landfill, producing improved substrates for agricultural use.Due to increasing application in the green energy sector, rare earth elements (REEs) have become a precious commodity in the international market. The REEs, Yttrium (Y) and Lutetium (Lu) are used as catalysts in wide array of industries. SBA-15 modified with 1,4-phthaloyl diamido-propyltriethoxysilane (1,4-PA-APTES) ligands; and chromium based metal organic frameworks (MOF) modified with PMIDA (MIL-101-PMIDA) were prepared in this study as potential adsorbents for recovery of these elements. The adsorption capacities for Lu and Y on virgin SBA-15 were negligible. After modification of SBA-15, the Langmuir adsorption capacities for Lu and Y significantly increased to 17.0 and 17.9 mg/L, respectively. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/17-oh-preg.html The Langmuir adsorption capacities of Lu and Y on PMIDA modified MIL-101 (MIL-101-PMIDA) were 63.4 and 25.3 mg/g, respectively. Higher adsorption capacities of the MOF are due to its higher surface area (1050 m2/g) and beneficial functional groups such as phosphonic group present on the adsorbent surface and it attributes to rapider REE adsorption on MIL-101-PMIDA than on1,4-PA-SBA. Lu adsorption capacity was 2.5 times higher than Y due to its superior ion-exchange capability with grafted phosphonic groups. Both adsorbents retained over 90% of adsorption capacity after 5 adsorption/desorption cycles which demonstrate the high structural stability of the materials.Although strict mitigation measures have been implemented since 2013 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), China, air pollution still frequently occurs. Observations reveal that during pollution episodes in autumn, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations have not decreased, and particularly, ozone (O3) concentrations have increased remarkably from 2013 to 2015 in Beijing. Additionally, a concurrence of O3 and particulate pollution with high secondary aerosol contributions has been observed frequently, indicating high atmospheric oxidizing capacity (AOC) during particulate pollution. The WRF-Chem model simulations show elevated O3 concentrations and high fractions of oxygenated secondary aerosols (OSA) in PM2.5 (0.53-0.73) during the severe pollution period. During daytime there exhibits an AOC-sufficient regime with the persistently high OSA fraction and an AOC-deficient regime with varied OSA fractions, separated by the O3 level of 80?μg?m-3. Our results suggest that increasing AOC can considerably weaken the emission mitigation effort by enhancing the secondary aerosol formation.